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The annual incidence was 1.7/100 000 to 7.2/100 000 inhabitants(mean 3.8/ 100 000).The most common causative organisms were Neisseria meningitidis (56%),Streptococcus pneumoniae(20%),Listeria monocytogenes(6%),and Haemophilus influenzae(5%).Neisseria meningitis causes 93%of the infections in the 16-to-20-year-old age group,but is caused only 25%of the infections in patients aged 45 years or older.Listeria monocytogenes caused 14%of these cases.Cases of nosocomial and recurrent meningitis were rare.A significant underlying illness or condition was present in 39%of the patients.The mean mortality was 19.7%,and it did not change during the study period.In a study that involved all adult patients with bacterial meningitis in a single country for 2 decades,meningococci and pneumococci were the most frequent causative agents.However,meningococci were responsible for only one fourth of the cases among adult patients aged 45 years or older;most of these cases were caused by pneumococci and Listeria.Despite moderate medical developments,approximately 20%of adult patients with bacterial meningitis died. |
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